ABSTRACT
Guanajuato state in Mexico has high frequency of confirmed cases of COVID-19. Health-care workers are the most exposed to contagion due to contact with patients infected by SARS-CoV-2. The objective was to know the seroprevalence of antibodies (IgG) anti-SARS-CoV-2 in health-care workers from Secretary of Health from Guanajuato State. It was a cross-sectional, retrolective study, using database from the ENSERO-COVID program. It was recollected data about exposure in work and in community by contact with confirmed cases of COVID-19. The anti-SARS-CoV IgG antibody titer was determined, considering 1.4 or higher as positive. It used Chi squared test to show relationship between variables, Z for two proportions to test hypotheses and logistic regression for show the effect of exposure and test positive for antibodies. 4,047 registries were reviewed, 376 (9.29%) were positive for the presence of SARSCoV-2 antibodies. There is an association between the type of work unit (type determined by hospitalizing COVID-19 patients or not) with seropositivity (P <0.05). There was no effect of performance areas to be seropositive. Community exposure had an effect on being seropositive OR = 1.44 (1.17 - 1.79). Training in the proper use of personal protective equipment had a protective effect on being seropositive with OR = 0.79 (0.64 -0.99). Exposure in the community to a confirmed case to SARS-CoV-2 is found to have a significant association with the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Training in the proper use of personal protection equipment is a protector against SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is a significant association between the type of unit and the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Given the increase in the number of confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2, it is vitally important that health workers adequately protect themselves both at the community and workplace level. Copyright © 2022 Oriental Scientific Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, first detected in Wuhan, China, in 2019, had spread all over the world. It has caused the COVID-19 pandemic. Nowadays, there are effective and safe vaccines proven against this virus. The goal of this study was to verify it among health-care workers from the Institute of Public Health from Guanajuato State who received the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine. For this purpose, we designed a quantitative cross-sectional study. The database was obtained from a previous strategy program by the Institute of Public Health from Guanajuato State called ENSERO-COVID. The available data consisted of two chemiluminescence measures of the IgG anti-Spike antibodies after one and six months of the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine two doses application. The survey also included self-reported reactions to this vaccine. Frequency tables are presented for descriptive purposes. We performed the chi-square test, the z test for proportions, and the t-test for comparisons. Also, two linear regression models were fitted between the first and second chemiluminescence levels stratifying by prior infection by SARS-CoV-2. The database consisted of 177 records. Of them, 45 (25.4%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 before vaccination. Only one person did not react to the two doses of vaccine application. Most of the self-reported reactions ceased in a short period -less than three days-. The differences observed, regarding chemiluminescence levels, between those with and without prior infection by SARS-CoV-2 were not statistically significant. More analyses are required to assess the long-term effects of the BioNTech/Pfizer ® vaccine.
ABSTRACT
Preparedness for public health response to the health crisis is vital for every country. Since the beginning of SARS-CoV-2 infection cases, most structures and resources have been focused on mitigating the pandemic. Objective. To describe the characteristics of the people in a leisure trip with a oubreak of COVID-19. Material and methods. An outbreak epidemiological study was designed using retrospective data based on the standardized epidemiological case study on the National System of Epidemiological Surveillance. In Guanajuato State, a covid-19 outbreak was detected in subjects that took a leisure trip to the South of Mexico. The outbreak investigation followed the principles established in the Epidemiological Principles for Disease Control Module 5. Descriptive and exploratory analyses of the data were performed. Statistical analysis: Tests of difference of proportions and risk factors were carried out. The confidence level was set at 95%. Tests with a p-value less than .05 were considered statistically significant. Results. The probable exposure period was determined to be March 24th-March 26th. The number of confirmed cases was 18 (32.1% from 56), with three of them asymptomatics. Meanwhile, the case fatality rate was 22.2% (four of 18 died). Few tests showed statistically significant results. It may be mainly due to the small size and non-randomness of the sample. Conclusion. The people in this leisure trip was of the first outbreak of COVID-19 in Mexican state of Guanajuato.